Islam Scıence And Technology

ıslam scıence and technology
Hakkında ıslam scıence and technology




ISLAM SCIENCE AND TECHNOLOGY

Automatic doors, attracting devices, non-motorized water wells, iron, tin and lead concentrations of metals such as defined precisely, the relativity of time, pneumatic tools, automatic control systems none of them, not their discoveries in this century, they, 6-7 century-old discoveries

Science and technology, our century will affect world history led to significant improvements and changes In all countries, living conditions and rapidly affecting the well-established technology, a solution to many of the world population has increased

Large share of the world's present level of civilization in the historical development of science and technology was extremely fast

Well, science and technology, culture, civilization and assumed the leadership of this change in the beginning of the historical periods which have started?

All of the above-mentioned discoveries, dating back to the ninth century world history in the fourteenth century, the most advanced civilization of the period of the "Islamic Civilization" of the product All their lives, so all the work on the basis of science Citing verses of the Quran, Muslims, reddetmeyip science has emerged as attributed to them Knowledge-based reminding and civilizations in the world today has its source in many value

In the Qur'an, the verses about the creation of the universe and the universe, order notification, giving great importance to have information, evidence of the existence of God be seen in nature, every object in the universe and the existence of the compliance and commitment to each other, lead to the advancement of science has shown during this period

Technical sciences, medicine, astronomy, chemistry, algebra and obtain important results in many areas, such as the Muslim scholars, as soon as the field of civilization and culture have proven themselves all over the world Muslims are instrumental in disposing of the first steps of his inventions of civilization, opened the path to progress The history of Islam, we examine the individual branches of science, all of the Holy Quran is the source of the material-spiritual part of the system that God created everything that we see repeatedly proved

Muslim scientists, primarily in the West, including Rome and the East, primarily China, science and technology developed in other states received guidance and vital resources have translated This information is incorrect and inconsistent with the accumulation of points within the faith and remove the technical sense, brought the situation to benefit themselves Following the work of the nature of the first step, evaluate the information they have obtained by interpreting the science and technology have begun to contribute

ISLAM, SCIENCE AND TECHNOLOGY HOW GAVE WAY?

Automatic doors, attracting devices, non-motorized water wells, iron, tin and lead concentrations of metals such as defined precisely, the relativity of time, automatic control systems none of them, not their discoveries in this century, they, 6-7 century-old discoveries

Science and technology, our century will affect world history led to significant improvements and changes In all countries, living conditions and rapidly affecting the well-established technology, a solution to many of the world population has increased

Large share of the world's present level of civilization in the historical development of science and technology was extremely fast

Well, science and technology, culture, civilization and assumed the leadership of this change in the beginning of the historical periods which have started?

All of the above-mentioned discoveries, dating back to the ninth century world history in the fourteenth century, the most advanced civilization of the period of the "Islamic Civilization" of the product All their lives, so all the work on the basis of science Citing verses of the Koran with the Muslims at that time went on, even in science Knowledge-based reminding and civilizations in the world today has its source in many value

In the Qur'an, the verses about the creation of the universe and the universe, order notification, giving great importance to have information, evidence of the existence of God be seen in nature, every object in the universe and the existence of the compliance and commitment to each other, lead to the advancement of science has shown during this period

Technical sciences, medicine, astronomy, chemistry, algebra and obtain important results in many areas, such as the Muslim scholars, as soon as the field of civilization and culture have proven themselves all over the world Muslims are instrumental in disposing of the first steps of his inventions of civilization, opened the path to progress The history of Islam, we examine the individual branches of science, the Holy Quran is the source of all that science is a part of the material-spiritual system repeatedly prove that God created everything we see

Muslim scientists, primarily in the West, including Rome and the East, primarily China, science and technology developed in other states received guidance and vital resources have translated This information is incorrect and inconsistent with the accumulation of points within the faith and remove the technical sense, brought the situation to benefit themselves Following the work of the nature of the first step, evaluate the information they have obtained by interpreting the science and technology have begun to contribute

Born in the second half of the fifth century of Islam developed, tested and played an important role in the development of observational science

Umayyad caliph Muawiyah, the book includes around one million "Dar al-Hikme" yi (Science Cultural Slot) builds Caliph al-Hakim, the scientists set up a library of 400 thousand volumes Kurtuba'da balls 8 Towards the end of the Caliph Harun al-Rashid-century, all the books of Aristotle, Galen and Hippocrates as many works of great scientists çevirtir Arabic Caliph al Mamun, sending envoys to Byzantium and India to translate the book value aratır and defeated the Byzantines in the war, as war reparations to write just like the old Greek

Thus, the Islamic world, prevents the loss of previous years by collecting all the scientific studies, then, these studies in Western languages, translated into Arabic With the establishment of the State of Andalusian Jewish, Christian and Islamic cultural traditions, meeting, science and cultural center of Spain makes

Jabir Bin Hayyan grown in the Islamic world scientists, 'chemical substances, volatile substances, non-volatile substances, combustible substances and minerals as' collects the four groups Jabir bin Hayyan'ın this study, known as the founder of modern chemistry leads Lavoisier'e

Ibn-i Sina

Al Razi

Al-Kindi, Einstein 800 years ago in 1100, deals with the theory of relativity Al-Kindi, 'When the body length of existence, time, speed and yavaşlıkta bilinebilen and measurable result of the movement Time, space and movement is not independent of each other, toward the sky from the tree of a human sees a small, down to the big man sees' he says

Medical and pharmaceutical scholars such as Ibn Sina and Razi, anatomy and treatment field, while adding a lot of new information, history and geography, Idrisi sciences, and the name of al-Tabari that the rows sığdıramayacağımız Hamevi and many Islamic scholars, have made significant progress in scientific theories Especially in the field of optics, the eleventh century, Ibn al-Haytham, this branch of science has rebuilt itself The ninth century, who lived a thousand Kurra Hard, the first major innovation in the field of astronomy and carried out; Batlamyusçu system, has added nine starless sphere On the third century, Muslim astronomers also have recognized the difficulties faced by this system and do not Batlamyusçu have developed models of the planet These are far ahead of their time really works The work of printing the names of the Muslim history of science and scientists, financial and moral support by the state have seen, have been encouraged, have gained the reputation among the people In Europe the situation is completely different from the same period European scientists are serving science, met with many restrictions on blocking, and even demanded the work be stopped completely

Harezmi, Indian figures of the numbers we use today is by adding the number zero, science, experiment upon the information should not be a fixed non-Fergani said Ahmed, as calculated by the distance between the latitudes, the Earth's axis inclination hesaplıyordu most accurately

Al-Battani used today as the links Trigonometric formülleştiren, in 877 until 929 makes continuous astronomical observations, by definition Kotanjant'ın Tangent and Sine, Tangent and Kotanjant'ın ninety degrees from the ground up to prepare the table

Er-Razi Abu Bakr, the first time as a surgical suture material bağırsağını animal uses the science of medicine and chief physician about your experiment and observation is very important that the doctors will work in the hospital say that you should specialize

Secant and adds the concepts of trigonometry csc Abu'l-Fidelity Bodies can be seen in line with the eye emits rays and Batlamyus'a against Euclid says, 'Places of the object shape, the light enters through the review and there is transferred by means of lenses, saying, in his numerous trials' visual stimuli from the eye to the brain transmitted by the nerves' says Ibn-l- Haytham is the pioneer of the science of optics

Be one of the ways to distinguish between various substances, saying that the specific gravity of materials, hot water and cold water to detect the difference in specific gravity between the al-Beyruni; in 973 'of scientific studies, and documentation that must be proved by experiments that the forced reliance on' tells İbnu'n-Beautiful, 1200'lü years, discovers that the small blood circulation

All Islamic countries, mathematics, medicine, space science and many other trend taught educational institutions, observatories; era equipped with the most advanced installations, hospitals, libraries were open to everyone Baghdad, Al-Andalus, especially in Harran, and Egypt, North Africa and around the Eastern Euphrates in many Islamic educational system and science, the period in question was developed in an exemplary level Muslims brought their cities into centers of civilization One of them, Cordoba, hospitals, libraries and schools in Central Europe came to see the students' education and was known as Europe's most modern city

Cultural and social areas in line with advances in science and technology advancing, reached its peak during the Ottoman Empire Hazerfen Ahmed Chalabi, scholars such as Lagari Hasan Celebi, the areas of work performed history's first example

14 Century with the invention of the printing press between the years 1400-1500, Arabic and Ancient Greek, and many books are translated into Latin All the books of Aristotle, printed in 1495 Thales, Egypt, Byzantium and the Islamic world for his scientific trips to India, as many scientists in Europe and the Islamic world came to collect scientific books Scientific works, works towards the East Uygarlığı'ndan Western civilization Ancient Greek scientific works translated into Arabic will begin re-translated from Arabic into Latin

After the death of Mehmet the Conqueror, to teach natural sciences madrasalıs gets up slowly After this period, the Islamic understanding of the inability of the Islamic world is not erased from the world of science over time causes

MUSLIM SCIENCE PIONEERS

Abul El Cezeri Trace

Name in the Western world short "hand Cezeri known as" Abu al-Izz Ismail Bedi'el-time al-Razzaz al-Cezeri ", was born in Diyarbakir 1136'da XIII at the beginning of the century, Diyarbakir Artuqid Palace for 32 years served as a başmühendislik We used today Cezeri, water clocks, automatic control schemes, fountains, blood collection containers, such as encrypted keys, and robots, in many practical and aesthetic design and layout describing how to perform them, "Kitab-al hyaline" known as the author of the book

Keepers of history, the honor of being the founder of cybernetics Cybernetics, communication, balance the science of setting up and tuning In humans and machines, information exchange, control and examine the state of equilibrium This science has developed over time has allowed the emergence of computers in use today

Cybernetics and automated systems in the beginning of the French Descartes and Pascal, Leibniz Germans, Brits, R Bacon takes forward, they actually reveal Cezeri this is the first scholar and the world of science

Today's physics and mechanists, "by communicating with the effect of heat balance" Setting up the system, first as a J Watt's discovery began in 1780 say the regulator But it also depends on Cezeri, his famous work Kitabü'l-Hiyel'in 171 clearly seen in the page On this page of the regulator, is adjusted by communicating the mutual movement of a bird

The book, about the functioning of engineering plans and related information are given in 50 different tool Today, Istanbul's Topkapi Palace III A3472 registered with the Library of Ahmed writing, a copy of the original work is used Composed of six parts: work, describes 50 different layouts

Examined the system and figures in the book, a water engineer, was found Cezeri great The book, in part, and for the first time E Wiedeman and F Translated into German and published between the years 1908-1921 by Hauser In 1974, Donald R Hill, pressed whether work as a whole translated into English Hours of water is described in the book, one of the World of Islam Festival is made in accordance with the model was run for the London Science Museum

Treasury

His real name is Abdullah al-Mansur, this Islamic scholar, XI XII century late In the early century, lived in Khorasan Although originally a Greek slave, then chose the religion of Islam The Treasury's contribution to the theory of scales of measurement and is known for Another important contribution to science in his opinions about gravity Treasury, Newton 500 years ago, "every object in the drawing toward the center of the sphere of power," said that Roger Bacon a century ago, the world closer toward the center, has taken up the idea of the water concentration

Treasury, density and specific weight of chemical substances invented in order to measure the precision scales, made substantial contributions to the science of chemistry found So, to have invented the "Mizanü'l-Hikme" (Wisdom Scale), called the sensitive balance that with the density and weight measurements, measurements made using today's technology is not much different

According to modern chemistry by HAZİNÎ'ye ELEMENTS

Gold 19:05 19:26

13:56 Mercury 13:59

Copper 866 885

Rice 8:57 8:40

Iron 774 779

Tin 7:32 7:29

Lead 11:32 11:35

Treasury, Zic-i Sanacarî (Star Catalogue), in his book, stars and planets, and the Seljuk state, the information about the latitude of the place and gave boylamlarına 'Fi'l Risale-alat' (Information Appliance)'s booklet was the subject of observation instruments

Musaoğulları

The sons of Musa bin Shakir and Ahmad Muhammad Hassan Horasan'lı, Benu Musa on science and technology, "Musaoğulları known as" Benu Musa brothers, the Abbasid Caliph Mamun (AD 813-833) and the time of the caliphs after him, have played an active role in the mathematical sciences for the development of people

Interest in technology, brothers Ahmed, 'Kitab-al hyaline' must be caused by the writing of a work (Anno Domini 850) Topkapi Palace in Turkey III This work in the Library of Ahmed (A3474), the magic pots, fountains, oil lamps, a dansimetre, a blower and a removal order is observed Body, water and air are created due to a "great layouts" or "wonderful automata" science, in the Islamic World "ilm al alat al spirituality" (Pneumatic Tools Scientific) or simply "ilm al hyaline" (Cool Layouts Scientific) is called

According to the definition Akfani'nin, pneumatic tools science, and the lack of space will be made based on the principle of a team, focusing on how the science instruments Object of the measured vessels, siphons and other elements of creating these schemes to educate the mind

Benu Musa Brothers in his book Kitab-al hyaline in the 100 layout, 18 "is the automatic control scheme Examined, their technical aspects, such automatic control systems that are still available today

Hârizmî

9 Hârizm'de century to come to the world and are likely to Hârizmî Turks are known as Muhammad ibn Musa, Memun'un found at the House of Wisdom in Baghdad, set up and the fields of mathematics and astronomy research in the library of this institution has made Arithmetic and the two works by force, greatly influenced the development of the history of mathematics

Arithmetic Arabic original of the book is missing, so this work, De numero Indorum (Figures About Indian) name with a Latin translation made by Adelard of Western and tanınabilmiştir survived to the present day Hârizmî, this work, ten-digit number system and calculation system of spatial told Indian and Western mathematicians, in force since Roman letters, numbers, and accounting system, rather than the Indian system of account numbers and learned to use this work This calculation system, referred to algorism later this term, the famous mathematician's name, that is derived from al-Hârizmî'den

Hârizmî'nin work in algebra, the 'fî al-Kitâbü'l-Concise Hisâbi'l-Algebra wa'l-Response' (Algebra and Response Account Summary) carries the name of the first independent book written on this subject Hârizmî this work, the first and second degree equations, binomial expansions, has examined a variety of topics such as algebra problems, and inherited the account Hârizmî, algebra related studies, primarily focused on first-and second-degree equations Especially in the second degree equations, widely used method today, used a different method With this method, algebraic analysis of geometric solutions that the world has for the first time

This work is Hârizmî'nin by force, 12 Robert and has been translated into Latin by Gerard Cremonalı Chesterlı century Meanwhile, in the book named "al-algebra" word, "algebra" converted to the format, in Western languages, this term has been used to cover the term algebra Hârizmî'nin this book, greatly influenced the Western mathematicians and Europe has played a big role in winning the prevalence of algebra

One of the most interesting aspects of his / her work, angles, trigonometric functions were expressed in a number of statements indicating that it contains Hârizmî I wonder, Did you know trigonometric functions, otherwise they do by then Meslemetü'l-Mecrîtî was added to the works of art? We do not know this, but some historians of science, sine and cosine for the first time using Hârizmî'nin, tangent, and cot-Mecrîtî'nin added you believe the Meslemetü'l True, no matter what, is the product of trigonometry to the West entrance to the Islamic world is understood that an important effect of this information

In addition, the construction of one of Hârizmî'nin usturlabın used for navigation and the other two works describing the use of available people Hârizmî, work of Ptolemy's Geography, 'Kitâbu Sureti'l-FILE' (on the Format of the Earth) and so has the name translated into Arabic, Greek mathematical knowledge of geography at the entrance to the world of Islam has played an important role Corrections and additions to the identity of at least partially due to changes in this work, the table contains a large number of important points of latitude and boylamlarını reported These tables are examined, Hârizmî'nin just like Ptolemy, A Place of seven climate equator to the north, ie, devotes seven latitudinal regions and latitudes is determined by this basis Translations of Ptolemy was known before the seven climate system, then all this work to be adopted by Muslim geographers and the works of the classical period, and the copyright will be arranged according to this system

'Kitâbu Sureti'l-ARD four copies of the map are available in one of the most important one, the source of the Nile and showing mecrasını map He was born in West Africa to the Nile from the lake and not a very remarkable to report, this theory, then, will be given the name of Ptolemy-Hârizmî Theory

There is a World Map of Maps, but the latitude and longitude data gives us the ingredients needed to draw such a map

Ali Kuscu

XV Ali was born in the city of Samarkand in the early century Alcatraz, while he was Manager of Samarkand observatory, Akkoyunlus to make peace talks on behalf of the Ottomans arrived in Istanbul Upon completion of the task of the embassy also settled here Madrasah saw the overwhelming support of Mehmet the Conqueror and the Hagia Sophia (St Sophia University) was commissioned Here, Mirim Çelebi, Yellow Lutfi, the scientists raised valuable, such as Sinan Pasha

In particular, the importance of astronomy and mathematics education and training activities beyond the boundaries of age in the Ali Kuscu; Sophia Madrasah has revised the work programs

While Samarkand Observatory 'Zic-i Ulugh Beg' (Ulugh Beg Stars Catalogue) for the preparation of his work has made the necessary observations and calculations The work, one star in 1018 stated the position, practical information about the science of astronomy in the movements of celestial bodies are given and explained This work, the era's most advanced enterprise computing information

'Risaletü'l-Fethiye in the 19's work Century, London, Mühendishanesi'nde (Istanbul Technical University) okutulmuştur as a textbook In this work, the distance of celestial objects in the given location, also has added to the end of the book on the world map Inclination of the axis of the globe where 23o30'17 as noted This is quite close to the data of modern astronomy determined

Şerafeddin Sabuncuoğlu

The period of Fatih Sultan Mehmet the famous doctor and medical scholar 85 years old when he wrote 'Mücerrebname' in his book, has given in his own experiments and observations The main work area of physiology and experimental surgery 'Haniyeh Cerrahiyatü'l-titled his work has included work on cerrahlıkla In this book, he has portrayed images of surgical interventions

Dental health in relation to the information provided is quite interesting For example, today, 'paradontology' in the subject disciplines in many medical device should be cleaned and how it clearly explained how to use it The Straits of the esthetic surgery patient, and the throat of a person who escaped removal of the object, the hand is another matter Given in the various experiments on animals 'Mücerrebname' by its works, today 500 years ago, laid the foundations of experimental physiology For snake bites, an antidote called tiryak done and tried it on a cock Then sokturmuş snake itself, snake bite antidote to self-treatment were driving somewhere

Bursa Ali Münşi

Turkish scientist in 1710 he began to make medicine One of his most important contributions to medical science 'cinchona' about the study Here, the tree bark fever, malaria and related diseases such as observations of good has come

In other work today, the most effective drug used as a dysentery 'İpeka' relates to In this study, the Western kaşiflerce discovered the Americas in 1711 'refers to kınakına'nın recognized in 1686 in Istanbul In addition, the 'ipeka'yı introducing to the world (1686) Dr John also criticized Hadrian Helvetius'ın makes the wrong ideas İpekanın diarrhea, skin disease, dysentery, uyuzda, cough, and melancholia, vomiting, and describes how to use intoxication